How to Rename a File in Linux

mv Command Basics

In Linux, the mv command is used to rename files. The basic syntax is:

mv [options] source_file target_file

Basic Usage

Renaming a single file:

mv old.txt new.txt

Common Options

• -i: Interactive mode, ask before overwrite
• -f: Force overwrite without asking
• -n: Do not overwrite existing files
• -v: Display detailed operation information

Common Use Cases

1. Changing File Extensions

mv document.txt document.md

2. Moving and Renaming

mv ~/downloads/file.txt ~/documents/new-file.txt

3. Batch Renaming

Using wildcards:

mv *.jpeg *.jpg  # Change all .jpeg files to .jpg

Important Considerations

1. File Overwrite Protection

Use the -i option to prevent accidental overwrites:

mv -i source.txt target.txt

2. Handling Special Characters

Use quotes when filenames contain spaces or special characters:

mv "old file.txt" "new file.txt"

3. Permission Issues

When encountering permission issues:

sudo mv source.txt target.txt

Common Problems

1. File Disappeared?

   • Use ls -la to view complete file listing
   • Check if the file was accidentally moved to another directory

2. Unable to Rename?

   • Check file permissions: ls -l filename
   • Verify write permissions
   • Use sudo when necessary to elevate privileges

Summary

• Always verify target location before using mv
• Backup important files before operations
• Use -i option when handling multiple files
• Be mindful of file permissions and ownership